1、梯形丝杠和滚珠丝杠的结构不同。

1. The structure of trapezoidal screw and ball screw is different.

梯形丝杠的结构简单、不复杂，主要是由螺杆和螺母组成，安装简单方便，但精度要求达不到。而滚珠丝杠则是由螺杆、螺母、钢球、预压片、反向器、防尘器组成，结构复杂，安装要求高，但精度高，并已逐渐替代梯形丝杠的使用。下面就是梯形丝杠和滚珠丝杠的结构图。

The structure of trapezoidal screw is simple and not complicated, mainly composed of screw and nut, easy to install, but the accuracy requirements cannot be met. Ball screws, on the other hand, are composed of screws, nuts, steel balls, pre press plates, reversers, and dust collectors. They have a complex structure and high installation requirements, but with high precision, and have gradually replaced the use of trapezoidal screws. The following are the structural diagrams of trapezoidal screw and ball screw.

2、梯形丝杠和滚珠丝杠的工作原理不同。

2. The working principles of trapezoidal screw and ball screw are different.

梯形丝杠的工作原理为：梯形丝杠是依靠丝母与丝杠之间的油膜产生相对滑动工作的，滑动摩擦从而完成直线运动。

The working principle of a trapezoidal screw is that it relies on the oil film between the lead screw and the screw to generate relative sliding work, and sliding friction completes linear motion.

滚珠丝杠的工作原理为：当丝杠作为主动体时，螺母就会随丝杠的转动角度按照对应规格的导程转化成直线运动，被动工件可以通过螺母座和螺母连接，从而实现对应的直线运动。

The working principle of ball screw is that when the screw acts as the active body, the nut will convert into linear motion according to the corresponding specifications of the lead according to the rotation angle of the screw. The passive workpiece can be connected to the nut seat and nut to achieve corresponding linear motion.

3、梯形丝杠和滚珠丝杠的特点不同。

3. The characteristics of trapezoidal screw and ball screw are different.

梯形丝杠的特点是成本低、应用于要求精度较低的一些机床等设备，梯形丝杠的安装简单、结构不复杂、维修较为方便，但摩擦系数较大、精度达不到较高标准。

The characteristics of trapezoidal screw are low cost and application in some machine tools and equipment with low precision requirements. The installation of trapezoidal screw is simple, the structure is not complicated, and the maintenance is relatively convenient, but the friction coefficient is high and the accuracy cannot reach a high standard.

滚珠丝杠的特点是摩擦系数小、动态响应快、易于控制、精度高。滚珠丝杠在生产过程中，滚道和珠子之间施加预紧力，可以间隙，所以滚珠丝杠可以达到无间隙配合。被广泛应用于数控机床等精密要求高的设备。但也有较高、安装要求高、维修成本高等特点。

The characteristics of ball screws are low friction coefficient, fast dynamic response, easy control, and high precision. During the production process of ball screws, pre tension is applied between the raceway and the beads to eliminate gaps, so ball screws can achieve a seamless fit. Widely used in precision demanding equipment such as CNC machine tools. But it also has the characteristics of high price, high installation requirements, and high maintenance costs.

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