主轴机床主轴指的是机床带动加工零件或刀具运作的轴，主轴是加工机床的核心结构，大部分加工表面的精度与主轴有关，主轴在加工过程中起到关重要的作用。由于采用调速电机，数控机床主轴箱的结构比较简单，容易出现故障的零件是主轴内部的自动夹紧机构和自动调速装置。

The spindle of a spindle machine tool refers to the axis on which the machine tool drives the processing of parts or tools. The spindle is the core structure of a machining center machine tool, and the accuracy of most machining surfaces is related to the spindle. The spindle plays a crucial role in the machining process. Due to the use of a speed regulating motor, the structure of the CNC machine tool spindle box is relatively simple, and the parts that are prone to malfunctions are the automatic clamping mechanism and automatic speed regulating device inside the spindle.

导轨丝杠厂家下面来讲讲主轴常见故障及解决方法：

The manufacturer of the guide screw will now talk about common faults and solutions for the spindle:

1、主轴发热，主轴无法运作或者卡顿现象

1. The spindle is hot, unable to operate or stuck

（1）主轴承载压力过大，导致主轴摩擦增大，产热多，磨损主轴。可减小主轴承载力，减小摩擦。

(1) Excessive bearing pressure on the spindle leads to increased friction, increased heat generation, and wear of the spindle. It can reduce the bearing capacity of the main shaft and reduce friction.

（2）主轴润滑油有杂质，杂质颗粒增大摩擦，导致主轴产热过大。可以擦拭主轴换洁净润滑油。

(2) The spindle lubricating oil contains impurities, which increase friction and cause excessive heat production of the spindle. You can wipe the spindle and replace it with clean lubricating oil.

2、主轴开启运作后立即停止运作

2. Immediately stop the operation after the spindle is turned on

（1）皮带转动断裂或者挂空挡。在机床运作之前检查，对久置的机床定期检查。

(1) Belt rotation breaks or shifts to neutral. Inspect the machine tool before operation and regularly inspect the machine tool that has been in use for a long time.

（2）接触不良，检查电路线头接触是否良好。

(2) Poor contact, check if the circuit terminals are in good contact.

（3）主轴电机短路，查找短路原因，使继电热器复位。

(3) The spindle motor is short circuited. Find the cause of the short circuit and reset the relay heater.

3、主轴强力切削时停转

3. Spindle stops during heavy cutting

（1）主轴与传送带连接过松，可以通过调节张力。

(1) The connection between the spindle and the conveyor belt is too loose, and the tension can be adjusted.

（2）传送带表面有油导致传送带过滑，可以在启动机床运作前检查擦拭传送带，保持整洁。

(2) There is oil on the surface of the conveyor belt, which causes it to become too slippery. You can check and wipe the conveyor belt before starting the machine to keep it clean.

4、主轴工作时噪声过大

4. Excessive noise during spindle operation

（1）主轴内部组件松动或者位置偏移，可以通过对主轴内部组件的调试加测，重新运作。

(1) If the internal components of the spindle are loose or the position is offset, they can be debugged and tested to operate again.

（2）主轴传动齿轮磨损，需要及时维修、更换，恢复正常运作。

(2) The main shaft drive gear is worn and needs to be repaired and replaced in time to restore normal operation.

5、加工刀具运行夹紧以后，无法松开。

5. After the machining tool is clamped, it cannot be released.

（1）液压缸压力不够，可以通过调整液压缸压力和改变行程开关位置。

(1) If the hydraulic cylinder pressure is insufficient, it can be adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic cylinder pressure and changing the position of the travel switch.

（2）组件弹簧过紧，可以通过调节弹簧松紧，保证主轴正常运作。

(2) The component spring is too tight, which can be adjusted to ensure the normal operation of the spindle.

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