The automation accessory system has its own operation mode. Of course, the guide rail as a member of the automation accessories should also operate according to its own operation mode. Today, let's learn about the operation mode of the lower guide rail.

尽管导轨系统的形式是多种多样的，但工作性质都是相同的，机床工作部件在指定导轨系统上移动，尤如火车沿着铁轨在指定的方向上行驶。无论是机床导轨还是铁路上的铁轨，都是体现如下三种基本功能：

Although there are many forms of guide rail system, the working properties are the same. The working parts of machine tool move on the specified guide rail system, especially when the train runs along the rail in the specified direction. Both machine tool guide rail and railway rail reflect the following three basic functions:

（1）为承载体的运动导向

(1) Guide the movement of the bearing body

（2）为承载体提供光滑的运动表面

(2) Provide a smooth moving surface for the bearing body

（3）把火车的运动或机床的切削所产生的力传到地基或床身上，减少由此产生的冲击对乘客和被动加工零件的影响。

(3) The force generated by the movement of the train or the cutting of the machine tool is transmitted to the foundation or bed to reduce the impact on passengers and passively machined parts.

沿导轨系统的运动，大多数为直线运动，也有少数为弧线运动。本文讨论的是直线导轨系统。当然，直线导轨的很多技术可以直接应用弧形导轨。

Most of the motion along the guide rail system is linear motion, and a few are arc motion. This paper focuses on the linear guide rail system. Of course, many technologies of linear guide rail can be directly applied to arc guide rail.

导轨为什么被称为“系统”呢？这是因为导轨系统的工作包含着若干元件的同时工作，基本的元件为一个运动元件和一个固定元件。运动元件的形式有多种多样，以后将予以详细介绍，固定元件一般为道轨式，它是导轨精度的保证，如果导轨弯曲变形，运动元件或滑动元件便失去的导向。

Why is the guide rail called "system"? This is because the work of the guide rail system includes the simultaneous work of several elements, and the basic elements are a moving element and a fixed element. There are many forms of moving elements, which will be introduced in detail later. The fixed elements are generally track type, which is the guarantee of guide rail accuracy. If the guide rail is bent and deformed, the moving elements or sliding elements will lose their guidance.

了解了导轨丝杠的运转方式以后，我们在实际使用过程中要时刻注意它的运转方式的一些部位的寿命和运转情况。

After knowing the operation mode of the guide screw, we should always pay attention to the service life and operation of some parts of its operation mode in the actual use process.