估计大家都踩过坑，各式各样的坑，意想不到的坑，花样百出，有的是自己的错误造成，有的时候是不严谨的行为造成。今天罗列一下这些坑~

　　It is estimated that everyone has stepped into various pitfalls, unexpected pitfalls, and various patterns. Some are caused by their own mistakes, while others are caused by careless behavior. List these pitfalls today~

　　尺寸问题

　　Size issue

　　这个问题应该出现的是多的。标准件的安装尺寸很关键。比如导轨的孔距，没有标明孔与端面的距离，终导买回来少了一个安装孔，这个在下单的时候应该标明一下E1=E2=多少。这样厂家在切割导轨的时候知道切多长。双比如滑块孔距不对，主要原因还是换过导轨型号，终导轨在更新时候没有改过来。

　　This problem should occur the most frequently. The installation dimensions of standard components are crucial. For example, the distance between the holes of the guide rail and the end face is not indicated, resulting in a missing installation hole when the guide is purchased. When placing an order, it should be indicated how much E1=E2=. This way, the manufacturer knows how long to cut when cutting the guide rail. For example, the distance between the slider holes is incorrect. The main reason is that the guide rail model was changed, but the guide rail was not updated in the end.

　　某些标准件更换后一定要核对对安装尺寸，有些厂家就是另类独行，将其中基个尺寸做成与其它普通的不一样，比如电机法半比别人差1mm，螺纹安装孔别人M5，他做了M4。定位销常规是3，他做成2.5。这种情况也不能责怪别人。只能在设计初期认真核对。

　　After changing the brand of certain standard parts, it is necessary to check the installation dimensions. Some manufacturers are unconventional and make the basic dimensions different from other ordinary ones, such as the motor half being 1mm worse than others, and the threaded installation hole being M5, he made M4. The positioning pin is usually 3, he made 2.5. This situation cannot be blamed on others either. Can only be carefully checked in the early stages of design.

　　螺纹孔大小与定位销大小问题

　　The issue of thread hole size and positioning pin size

　　根据零件结构来确认螺纹孔大小，螺纹孔的规格尽量做到统一，尽量不要搞多种型号。定位销尺寸也是一这样。经常拆装的螺丝要尽量搞大一些，定位若是条件允许可以用大头定位销。

　　Confirm the size of threaded holes based on the structure of the parts, and try to achieve uniform specifications for threaded holes, avoiding multiple models as much as possible. The positioning pin size is also the same. Screws that are frequently disassembled should be made as large as possible, and if conditions permit, large head positioning pins can be used for positioning.

　　螺丝紧固

　　screw fastening

　　这个也是一个普遍问题。螺丝的拧紧需要达到固定的扭矩，但是很多时候我们没有按照这个标准来。因为我们不能你汽车装配那种思维去拧紧螺丝。很多时候都靠手感。设备中也常出来联轴器螺丝没有拧紧，电机转的圈数与丝杠移动的距离不对。花一个星期排查电机问题、驱动器问题、程序等等问题，却没有检查螺丝是否拧紧。一般的标准件，很难有质量问题。若真是让你碰到了，只能自认倒霉。

　　This is also a common issue. The tightening of screws requires a fixed torque, but often we do not follow this standard. Because we cannot use the mindset of car assembly to tighten screws. Many times it depends on the feel. The coupling screws are often not tightened in the equipment, and the number of turns the motor rotates does not match the distance the screw moves. Spending a week troubleshooting motor, driver, program, and other issues without checking if the screws are tightened. Ordinary standard parts are difficult to have quality issues. If it really happens to you, you can only accept your misfortune.

　　经常旋转和振动的部位，可以考虑用中等强度螺纹胶，或者是耐落胶。这些东西帮助性非常大，可以减少很多麻烦。拆卸的时候可以配合热风枪。同进这种场合若是担心位置移动，可需要配合定位销过盈配合来定位。

　　For parts that frequently rotate and vibrate, medium strength thread glue or anti drop glue can be considered. These things are very helpful and can reduce a lot of trouble. When disassembling, it can be combined with a hot air gun. If you are concerned about position movement in such situations, you may need to cooperate with the interference fit of the positioning pin to locate it.

　　导轨丝杠卡死问题

　　The problem of the guide screw getting stuck

　　导轨丝杠本来就是一个高精度传感的标准件，相关的零件并不是随便加工一下，随便给个公差就行，要严格按照相关的技术要求来设计。有可能刚开始安装后，用着没问题，然后就认为没问题。发现过个半年出问题，间隙大，磨损严重、精度不够。然后就想当然的认为以前可以，为什么现在不行。

　　The guide screw is originally a high-precision sensing standard component, and the related parts cannot be machined randomly or given a tolerance. They must be designed strictly according to the relevant technical requirements. It is possible that at the beginning of installation, there is no problem with using it, and then it is assumed that there is no problem. Finally, it was discovered that there were problems after six months, with large gaps, severe wear, and insufficient accuracy. Then I assumed it was possible before, why not now.

　　零件加工问题

　　Parts processing issues

　　这是一个老大难的问题，并不是加工商做不好，而且他们做零件没有认真。并且设计人员也没有针对性的说明哪些尺寸重要，哪些不重要，虽然在图纸上标出来，但是很多加工的人并不会全部按照图纸上面来。因为全部按照上面来，会远高于加工的报价。所以导致你忽悠我，我忽悠你。设计人员还是要多与加工商沟通，这样才能做到双赢。有条件的设备商可以自己成立加工部门，不外发零件。

　　This is a long-standing problem, it's not that the manufacturers can't do it well, and they don't take the parts seriously. And the designers did not provide targeted instructions on which dimensions are important and which are not. Although they are marked on the drawings, many workers do not follow all of them. Because if everything is based on the above, the price will be much higher than the quoted price for processing. So it caused you to deceive me, and I deceived you. Designers still need to communicate more with manufacturers in order to achieve a win-win situation. Equipment suppliers with conditions can establish their own processing departments and not outsource parts.

　　电气与机械标准件

　　Electrical and Mechanical Standard Parts

　　有些标准件需要机械与电气一起选型确定。这个时候需要沟通清楚，安装尺寸，通信方式，如何走线。实物到了后马上测试看是否有问题。相信大家也碰到过，直到安装的时候才发现东西有问题，这个时候发现东西买会来了好长时间，退货换货也不方便。特别是带有部分定制功能的标准件。

　　Some standard components require mechanical and electrical selection to be determined together. At this point, it is necessary to communicate clearly about installation dimensions, communication methods, and how to route the wires. Test immediately upon arrival to see if there are any issues. I believe everyone has encountered it before, only realizing that there is a problem with the item during installation. At this time, it is found that the item has been purchased for a long time, and it is inconvenient to return or exchange it. Especially standard parts with partial customization functions.

　　电气接线及气动标号定义

　　Definition of electrical wiring and pneumatic numbering

　　这个以前接过线，深有体会，有些公司接线是一种颜色走天下，线号就按123标识，没有前缀没有后缀。其实有时候，我们可以在前面加一些修饰。XYZ轴，同时配上正负箭头，相应的驱动器也配上标识一一对应。这样找问题直观快速。

　　I have experienced this before when I took over the wires. Some companies use a single color for wiring, and the wire numbers are labeled as 123 without any prefix or suffix. Actually, sometimes we can add some embellishments at the beginning. The XYZ axis is equipped with positive and negative arrows, and the corresponding drivers are also labeled one-to-one. This way, finding problems is intuitive and fast.

　　气管进出也应该按颜色分开，同时标上伸出、缩回、松开等标识。电磁阀、真空发生器等上面的标识都需要标清楚。这些并不是需要等到设备调好后再去做这个工作。万一调试过程中，负责的人突然有事，需要换另一个人接手，那这个接手工作的人又要从头摸清设备，费力费时。

　　The inlet and outlet of the trachea should also be separated by color and marked with indicators such as extension, retraction, and release. The markings on solenoid valves, vacuum generators, etc. need to be clearly marked. These do not need to wait until the equipment is adjusted before doing this job. If during the debugging process, the person in charge suddenly has something to do and needs to be replaced by another person, then the person who takes over the work will have to figure out the equipment from scratch, which is laborious and time-consuming.

　　如何避免这些问题？我们可以将这些碰到的问题写到纸上，写上常见问题记录。检查的时候一条一条的过，这样就会少出错误，若是靠脑子记，很容易忘记。

　　How to avoid these problems? We can write down these encountered problems on paper and record common issues. When checking, go through each one one one by one, which will reduce errors. If you rely on your brain to remember, it is easy to forget.

　　这次就写这些东西吧，若是大家想聊什么话题可以留言，专门针对想聊的话题展开讨论。有时候不知道写些什么东西，也不知道大家喜欢看些什么。

　　Let's write these things this time. If you want to talk about any topics, you can leave a message and discuss them specifically. Sometimes I don't know what to write or what people like to read.

　　本文由 导轨丝杠  友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击 http://www.jngongrun.com/  真诚的态度.为您提供为的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from the guide screw For more related knowledge, please click  Sincere http://www.jngongrun.com/  attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.